The overall impression — albeit maybe a bit exaggerated in both directions — is that whereas China is busily implementing a technology-driven defense strategy, the United States is struggling to implement defense-strategy-driven applied sciences. Furthermore, although China served as the four Quad countries’ unifying concern, their public statements support the notion that each nation views the purpose of the partnership in a special way and seeks diverging advantages. Though students have argued that “each of the Quad nations has comparative benefits in growing leading edge technologies,” nationwide models tend to reveal the full scope of compatibilities and conflicts that will facilitate or hinder progress in the long run. As technology policy and international coverage proceed to meld, an understanding of the Quad countries’ preexisting partnerships and nationwide models will go far for the united states in anticipating and preparing for future cooperation and inevitable obstacles. Another type of technology bifurcation …